Nano materials are chemical substances or materials
that are manufactured and used at a very small scale. The nano materials are
developed to exhibit novel characteristics compared to the same material
without Nano scale features, such as increased strength, chemical reactivity or
conductivity.
The Nano materials that are naturally occurring (e.g.,
volcanic ash, soot from forest fires) or are generated as incidental
(unintentional) by-products of combustion processes (e.g., welding, diesel engines)
are usually physically and chemically heterogeneous and often termed ‘ultra-fine
particles’. Engineered nano materials, on the other hand, are intentionally
produced and designed with physio-chemical properties for a specific purpose
or function.
They are already being used in the manufacture of
scratch proof eyeglasses, crack-resistant paints, anti-graffiti
coatings for walls, transparent sunscreens, stain-repellent fabrics, self-cleaning windows
and ceramic coatings for solar cells. Nanotechnology can be used to increase
the safety of cars.
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