Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery

The lithium iron phosphate battery (LiFePO₄ battery) or LFP battery (lithium Ferro phosphate), is a type of rechargeable battery, specifically a lithium-ion battery, using LiFePO₄ as the cathode material, and a graphitic carbon electrode with a metallic backing as the anode. The specific capacity of LiFePO₄ is higher than that of the related lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO₂) chemistry, but its density is less due to its lower operating voltage. The main drawback of LiFePO₄ is its low electrical conductivity. Therefore, all the LiFePO₄ cathodes under consideration are actually LiFePO₄/C. Because of low cost, low toxicity, well-defined performance, long-term stability, etc. LiFePO₄ is finding a number of roles in vehicle use, utility scale stationary applications, and backup power.

Lithium Iron Phosphate LiFePO4, each Cells 700 Ah Amp Hours 3.25 Volts. Two cells are wired in parallel to create a single 3.25V 1400Ah cell, with a capacity of 4,550 Watt hours or 4.55 kWh. Note the multi-layer copper bus bar designed to carry more electrons on the surface of multiple plates rather than using a single solid connector between cells. Higher discharge rates needed for acceleration, lower weight and longer life makes this battery type ideal for bicycles and electric cars. 12V LiFePO₄ batteries are also getting popularity as a second (house) battery for a caravan, motor-home or boat.

LiFePO₄-powered solar lamps are visibly brighter than ubiquitous outdoor solar lights, and performance overall is considered more reliable. Many home EV conversions use the large format versions as the car's traction pack. With the efficient power-to-weight ratios, high safety features and the chemistry's resistance to thermal runaway, there are few barriers for use by amateur home "makers". Motorhomes are often converted to lithium iron phosphate because of the high draw. Some electronic cigarettes use these types of batteries. Other applications include flashlights, radio-controlled models, portable motor-driven equipment, industrial sensor systems and emergency lighting.